Pagesa deri n\u00eb 1,000 euro n\u00eb muaj, si po lul\u00ebzon tregu p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e dadove dhe t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve p\u00ebr kujdesin e t\u00eb moshuarve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n
Sipas agjencive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit, 70% e k\u00ebrkesave kryesohen nga pun\u00ebsimet e kujdestar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuarit. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur numri i grave q\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar si dado. Ekspert\u00ebt ngren\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimin p\u00ebr zgjerimin e nj\u00eb tregu informal.<\/p>\n
Pas daljes n\u00eb pension, pas 40 viteve pun\u00eb mami materniteti, zonja Tixhe Lika, prej 5 vitesh punon si kujdestare f\u00ebmij\u00ebsh. 66-vje\u00e7arja e nd\u00ebrthur pun\u00ebn e dados me kualifikimin e marr\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e kujdesit t\u00eb personelit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n
Zonja Lika kujdeset 6 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs 3 vje\u00e7, gjat\u00eb 5 dit\u00ebve t\u00eb jav\u00ebs, kundrejt pages\u00ebs mujore neto prej 50 mij\u00eb lek\u00ebsh. Ajo thot\u00eb se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb profesion e mban m\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm lidhja shpirt\u00ebrore q\u00eb krijon me f\u00ebmij\u00ebn, por edhe me familjar\u00ebt e tij.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, si\u00e7 pohon ajo, \u201cn\u00ebse do t\u00eb ndihesha e huaj n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e pun\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve, do ta braktisja si pun\u00eb\u201d. Pas disa vitesh eksperienc\u00eb, zonja Lika thot\u00eb se do t\u00eb largohet nga ky profesion kur t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur misionin e saj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas disa familje t\u00eb lumtura.<\/p>\n
Jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, por edhe n\u00eb rrethe, jan\u00eb t\u00eb shumta familjet q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb dado p\u00ebr rritjen e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve dhe gra p\u00ebr kujdesin ndaj t\u00eb moshuarve.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb periudh\u00ebn janar-shtator 2024, n\u00eb rang vendi, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga databaza e portalit \u201c\u00c7el\u00ebsi\u201d dhe agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb rekrutimit \u201cProfesionisti\u201d u ofruan 1,103 njoftime p\u00ebr vendin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb dados. Krahasuar me 9-mujorin e vitit t\u00eb kaluar, numri i njoftimeve u rrit me 22%.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vitin 2023, numri i njoftimeve p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim babysitter arriti n\u00eb 1,203. Krahasuar me vitin paraardh\u00ebs numri i tyre u rrit me 10%.<\/p>\n
Sipas drejtueseve t\u00eb agjencive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit, k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e dadove nisin q\u00eb nga pun\u00ebsimi i nj\u00eb dadoje q\u00eb t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi me familjen e deri te puna javore, me koh\u00eb t\u00eb pjesshme apo dado e nat\u00ebs p\u00ebr prind\u00ebrit e rinj.<\/p>\n
Por oferta p\u00ebr rekrutimin e dadove nuk arrin t\u2019i p\u00ebrgjigjet k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb lart\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb emigrimit. Koordinatorja e agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit \u201cMelisa\u201d, znj. Vali Erindi, tha p\u00ebr \u201cMonitor\u201d se \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rritje numri i grave t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara, p\u00ebr periudha 3-mujore apo edhe m\u00eb gjat\u00eb te familjet e emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb vendet e BE-s\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pagave t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n
\u201cN\u00eb vend, k\u00ebrkesa \u00ebsht\u00eb e lart\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim dadoje, por oferta mbetet e ul\u00ebt. Grat\u00eb parap\u00eblqejn\u00eb t\u00eb kryejn\u00eb pun\u00eb sezonale p\u00ebr kujdesin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, p\u00ebr periudha sezonale 3-mujore te familjet emigrante, kryesisht n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pagave t\u00eb larta krahasuar me pagesat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb shtetet e BE-s\u00eb, pagat variojn\u00eb nga 800 deri n\u00eb 1,100 euro.<\/p>\n
Duhet pasur parasysh se puna si dado nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb, pasi te ne mbahet m\u00eb tep\u00ebr deri sa f\u00ebmija arrin mosh\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar n\u00eb \u00e7erdhe apo n\u00eb kopsht. Pra ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar mend\u00ebsia e t\u00eb pasurit gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb guvernante n\u00eb familje. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarat jan\u00eb t\u00eb detyruara t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb pun\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr pun\u00ebmarr\u00ebs, apo t\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb p\u00ebr paga m\u00eb t\u00eb mira\u201d, thot\u00eb ajo.<\/p>\n
Agjencia \u201cMelisa\u201d, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e grave n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e kujdesit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve e t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb, mund\u00ebson edhe kurse kualifikimi javore falas p\u00ebr dh\u00ebnie t\u00eb njohurive p\u00ebr etik\u00ebn n\u00eb pun\u00eb, profesionalizimin etj.<\/p>\n
Edhe Albana Uku, drejtuese e Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr Zonjat, tha se k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e grave si kujdestare f\u00ebmij\u00ebsh \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rritje, por p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb emigracionit p\u00ebr paga m\u00eb t\u00eb larta, oferta mbetet e ul\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
\u201cTe profesioni i dados n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb problem pagesa e ul\u00ebt. Paga mesatare arrin deri n\u00eb 45 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj. Pagesa mesatare duhej t\u00eb ishte 60 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj. Rritja e pagave do t\u00eb frenonte emigracionin e dadove. P\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb do t\u00eb rritej oferta\u201d, thekson zonja Uku.<\/p>\n
V\u00ebrshojn\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr kujdestar\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarish<\/strong><\/p>\n Ndryshimet demografike t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb 12 vite kan\u00eb thelluar problemin e plakjes s\u00eb popullat\u00ebs dhe largimin e t\u00eb rinjve. Rritja e numrit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pensioni dhe tkurrja e mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb re ka rritur ndjesh\u00ebm nevojat p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime trajtimi ndaj mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n N\u00eb periudh\u00ebn janar-shtator 2024, n\u00eb rang vendi, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga databaza e portalit \u201c\u00c7el\u00ebsi\u201d dhe agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb rekrutimit \u201cProfesionisti\u201d u ofruan 6,963 njoftime p\u00ebr vendin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb kujdestarit t\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve. Krahasuar me 9-mujorin e vitit t\u00eb kaluar, numri i njoftimeve u rrit me 43%.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr vitin 2023, numri i njoftimeve p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsime kujdestari arriti n\u00eb 4,829. Krahasuar me vitin paraardh\u00ebs, numri i tyre u rrit me 18%.<\/p>\n Koordinatorja e agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit \u201cMelisa\u201d, zonja Vali Erindi, tha se 70% t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsime kryesohen nga kujdestaret p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuarit.<\/p>\n \u201cKy treg \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur ndjesh\u00ebm dhe arrihet t\u00eb mbulohet me punonj\u00ebse, ndryshe nga kujdestaret e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve q\u00eb preferojn\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n Nga regjistrimi i popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2011 te regjistrimi i vitit 2023, numri i popullsis\u00eb nga 0 deri n\u00eb 49 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb r\u00ebnie, teksa \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur ndjesh\u00ebm numri i popullsis\u00eb nga 50 deri n\u00eb 94 vje\u00e7.<\/p>\n Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Censit 2023, numri i popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb grupmosh\u00ebs nga 85 deri n\u00eb 89 vje\u00e7 ka sh\u00ebnuar rritjen m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb me 79% krahasuar me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Censit 2011. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtyre 12 viteve, te popullsia e grupmosh\u00ebs 65-69 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar rritje e lart\u00eb, me 63%. Popullsia e grupmosh\u00ebs 80 deri n\u00eb 84 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar me 75% krahasuar me Censin e 2011. Numri i popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb grupmosh\u00ebs 70-74 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me 36%, t\u00eb grupmosh\u00ebs 75-79 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me 27% dhe p\u00ebr grupmosh\u00ebm 90-94 vje\u00e7, popullsia \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me 24%.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Censit 2023 treguan se numri i popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb grupmosh\u00ebs nga 0 deri n\u00eb 4 vje\u00e7 ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me 31,6%, t\u00eb grupmosha 5-9 vje\u00e7, numri i tyre ka r\u00ebn\u00eb me 31% dhe p\u00ebr grupmosh\u00ebn nga 10 deri n\u00eb 14 vje\u00e7, r\u00ebnia e numrit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb me 41,4% krahasuar m\u00eb regjistrimin e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb Censin e 2011-s.<\/p>\n R\u00ebnia m\u00eb e lart\u00eb te grupmoshat e reja p\u00ebr 2023 \u00ebsht\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar te grupi nga 15 deri n\u00eb 19 vje\u00e7 me tkurrje 46,8%, nj\u00eb tregues sipas ekspert\u00ebve i shtimit t\u00eb emigracionit familjar.<\/p>\n T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Censit 2023 referuan gjithashtu se n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin rreth 64 mij\u00eb persona mbi 60 vje\u00e7 jetonin vet\u00ebm. Nga 103 mij\u00eb persona t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jetonin vet\u00ebm, 62,5% e tyre ishin 60 vje\u00e7 e lart (64,375 persona).<\/p>\n P\u00ebr sociologun G\u00ebzim Tushi, rritja e numrit t\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm ka shtuar nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime sociale.<\/p>\n \u201cJan\u00eb shtuar t\u00eb moshuarit e braktisur nga familja biologjike (fenomen i ri i shfaqur n\u00eb k\u00ebto tre dekada), ka nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb t\u00eb vetmuar dhe q\u00eb kan\u00eb nevoja p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbim social. Vetmia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb plag\u00eb sociale q\u00eb po zgjerohet me shpejt\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e atyre q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb t\u00eb vetmuar, kan\u00eb sht\u00ebpi personale dhe pension, por nuk kan\u00eb aft\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer sh\u00ebrbimet e duhura. Ata nuk kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr trajtime rezidenciale n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e t\u00eb moshuarve, por kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb vogla. Nj\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime mobile dhe kujdes komunitar\u201d.<\/p>\n Tranzicioni drejt nj\u00eb popullsie m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr vihet re edhe n\u00eb raportet e var\u00ebsis\u00eb. Raporti i var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb rinjve p\u00ebsoi r\u00ebnie n\u00eb 24,0% nga 30,4% vler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb Censin e 2011, dhe raporti i var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve sh\u00ebnoi rritje n\u00eb 30,4% nga 16,7% n\u00eb 2011.<\/p>\n Analizuar n\u00eb nivel qarku, Kuk\u00ebsi dhe Gjirokastra mbajn\u00eb pozicione t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta n\u00eb termat e raporteve t\u00eb var\u00ebsis\u00eb: Kuk\u00ebsi ka raportin e var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb rinjve m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb (31,8%) dhe raportin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve (19,9%).<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa Gjirokastra ka raportin e var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb rinjve m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt (19,0%) dhe raportin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve (46,1%). Mosha mesatare e popullsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 42,5 vite, nga 35,3 vite q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb Censin 2011<\/p>\n Faktor\u00ebt ndikues t\u00eb lindjeve, vdekjeve dhe migracionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\/t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm soll\u00ebn ndryshimin e struktur\u00ebs s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, n\u00eb Censin e 2023.<\/p>\n Duke analizuar grupmosh\u00ebn 50-69 vje\u00e7 n\u00eb piramid\u00ebn e popullsis\u00eb, v\u00ebrehet zgjerim q\u00eb p\u00ebrputhet me nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb lindjesh midis mesit t\u00eb viteve 1950-1970. Shqip\u00ebria gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe \u00ebsht\u00eb karakterizuar nga nj\u00eb rritje e normave t\u00eb lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb, njohur si \u201cbaby boom\u201d.<\/p>\n Normat e ul\u00ebta t\u00eb lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe trendi n\u00eb r\u00ebnie, kombinuar me emigracionin e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00eb riprodhuese solli ngushtimin e baz\u00ebs s\u00eb piramid\u00ebs s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb. Lindshm\u00ebria n\u00ebn nivelin e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimit prej vitit 2001, rritja e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb, si dhe migracioni mbeten faktor\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb plakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n Familjet q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb dado apo nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebse p\u00ebr kujdesin e t\u00eb moshuarve kan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion nj\u00eb buxhet t\u00eb caktuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat, n\u00eb disa raste, bien dakord p\u00ebr pag\u00ebn edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarat, pavar\u00ebsisht orientimit p\u00ebr pages\u00ebn t\u00eb marr\u00eb nga agjencia e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit.<\/p>\n Por edhe pse nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet ujdia p\u00ebr rrog\u00ebn mes pun\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve dhe pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve, nga agjencit\u00eb e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit ka nj\u00eb kontroll mbi struktur\u00ebn dhe norm\u00ebn e \u00e7mimeve.<\/p>\n Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb marra nga agjencit\u00eb, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dado me eksperienc\u00eb, pagesat mujore neto variojn\u00eb n\u00eb vlera nga 45-47 apo 50 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb deri n\u00eb 60 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb. Kushtet e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfitimin e k\u00ebtyre pagesave p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb kujdesin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb, 8 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb, gjat\u00eb 5 dit\u00ebve t\u00eb jav\u00ebs.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse e pun\u00ebsuara do t\u00eb kujdeset p\u00ebr dy f\u00ebmij\u00eb, pagesa mujore arrin deri n\u00eb 80 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb. N\u00eb disa raste, sipas burimeve nga tregu, pagesat jan\u00eb edhe 5 euro\/ora apo deri n\u00eb 1040 euro n\u00eb muaj, p\u00ebr 5 dit\u00eb t\u00eb jav\u00ebs, 8 or\u00eb.<\/p>\n Familjet q\u00eb pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb dado n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet agjencive duhet t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb komision n\u00eb vler\u00ebn e 10-60 deri n\u00eb 100% t\u00eb pag\u00ebs mujore t\u00eb s\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar\u00ebs. Komisioni ndaj agjencis\u00eb paguhet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb her\u00eb.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebr vite, pagesat p\u00ebr dado kan\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar tendenc\u00eb rrit\u00ebse. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb marra nga tregu i pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb grave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor nga agjencit\u00eb e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit, pas periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pandemis\u00eb s\u00eb Covid-19 pagesat p\u00ebr kujdestaret e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve brenda vendit jan\u00eb rritur 50 deri n\u00eb 80%.<\/p>\n Pagesat p\u00ebr dado t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara jasht\u00eb nisin nga 800, 1,000 e deri n\u00eb 1,100 euro. N\u00eb rrjetet sociale has shum\u00eb njoftime p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim dadoje apo punonj\u00ebsve p\u00ebr kujdesin e t\u00eb moshuarave nga familjet emigrante q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, Gjermani apo Belgjik\u00eb.<\/p>\n K\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim p\u00ebr kryerjen e k\u00ebtyre sh\u00ebrbimeve jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb si kusht kryesor q\u00ebndrimin 24 or\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar\u00ebs n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, duke ofruar akomodim dhe ushqim falas.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa pagesat p\u00ebr kujdestar\u00ebt e t\u00eb moshuarve, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb agjencive nisin nga 45 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuar pa s\u00ebmundje bashk\u00ebshoq\u00ebruese dhe arrijn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 85 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj, n\u00ebse personi i moshuar \u00ebsht\u00eb i paralizuar apo ka s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera. Puna me orar t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm p\u00ebr kujdesin e t\u00eb moshuarve paguhet deri n\u00eb 1,500 lek\u00eb\/ora.<\/p>\n Tregu i pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb kujdestar\u00ebve, t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht informal\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n Profesioni i dados n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nisi nga nevoja p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e shum\u00eb grave t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara n\u00eb ish-nd\u00ebrmarrjet e sistemit komunist. Pas viteve \u201990, periudh\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn transformimi politiko-ekonomik i vendit u shoq\u00ebrua me shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjesh ish-shtet\u00ebrore profesionale, solli q\u00eb shum\u00eb gra t\u00eb gjendeshin t\u00eb papuna.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrpos k\u00ebsaj, zhvillimi i tregut t\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrjes s\u00eb lir\u00eb, pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb shtet\u00ebzuar forcoi k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e familjeve sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi guvernante f\u00ebmij\u00ebsh. Koha e pun\u00ebsimit ishte m\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n Dadoja nevojitej t\u00eb jetonte n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi deri sa f\u00ebmija t\u00eb niste shkollimin fillor. Edhe pse n\u00eb dukje po zhvillohej nj\u00eb model i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm pun\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb profesion, mbizot\u00ebronte informaliteti i lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n Shpresa Tabaku, tashm\u00eb pensioniste, tregon se profesionin e dados e nisi n\u00eb vitet e para t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb, duke jetuar si e pun\u00ebsuar pran\u00eb nj\u00eb familje sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse kundrejt pages\u00ebs prej 40 mij\u00eb lek\u00ebsh n\u00eb muaj.<\/p>\n \u201cPagesa ishte e lart\u00eb p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn, por ishte informale\u201d, pohon ajo. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shum\u00eb viteve pun\u00eb t\u00eb pasiguruara apo pun\u00ebs \u201cn\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb\u201d, zonja Tabaku sot p\u00ebrfiton nj\u00eb pension n\u00eb mas\u00ebn 10 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb.<\/p>\n M\u00eb tutje, n\u00eb vitet 2000, me ndryshimin e stilit t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs, familjet e pasura n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri filluan t\u00eb pun\u00ebsonin dado t\u00eb huaja, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht nga Filipinet, t\u00eb cilat jetonin n\u00eb sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarat kujdeseshin edhe p\u00ebr mbar\u00ebvajtjen e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb.<\/p>\n Q\u00eb prej vitit 2019, tregu p\u00ebr rekrutimin e kujdestareve t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb moshuarve \u00ebsht\u00eb organizuar me modelin e pun\u00ebsimit n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet agjencive nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuese. Familjet e interesuara mund t\u2019u drejtohen p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim personeli agjencive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit.<\/p>\n Por nga agjencit\u00eb garantohet vet\u00ebm nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin, pasi p\u00ebr k\u00ebto profesione vijohet t\u00eb mos firmoset nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb pune dhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve t\u00eb mos u paguhen sigurimet shoq\u00ebrore dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n Edhe pse k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr dado nga familjet vendase \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur aktualisht, sipas Albana Ukut, drejtuese e nj\u00eb prej agjencive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit, pun\u00ebsimi i tyre nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr periudha afatgjata dhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarat jan\u00eb pa kontrata pune. Pra pun\u00ebsimi i tyre vijon t\u00eb mbetet n\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00eb.<\/p>\n Erald Pashaj, administrator i EPPC Albania dhe Kosov\u00eb, e specializuar n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e trajnimit dhe zhvillimit t\u00eb stafeve, tha se n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri tregu p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e dadove apo kujdestar\u00ebve t\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht informal, edhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb legjislacionit.<\/p>\n \u201cNj\u00eb familje q\u00eb pun\u00ebson p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj sh\u00ebrbimi e ka t\u00eb pamundur t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb punonj\u00ebsin, pasi nevojitet t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb si biznes, i regjistruar me NIPT.<\/p>\n T\u00eb vetmit q\u00eb arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb k\u00ebta t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar jan\u00eb familjet sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb familje sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse pun\u00ebson nj\u00eb kujdestar, e regjistron si t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet biznesit t\u00eb tij. Numri i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i pak\u00ebt.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm tregu i pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb dadove dhe t\u00eb kujdestar\u00ebve t\u00eb familjes, por edhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb shofer\u00ebve n\u00eb familje jan\u00eb pun\u00ebsime t\u00eb paformalizuara, jan\u00eb informale.<\/p>\n Legjislacioni mund\u00ebson formalizimin e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse tregu zhvillohet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet agjencive t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillta t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit q\u00eb kan\u00eb detyrimin e lidhjes s\u00eb kontrat\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs dhe pagesave t\u00eb kontributeve t\u00eb sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vend nuk ekzistojn\u00eb agjenci t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillta pun\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr k\u00ebto lloje sh\u00ebrbimi, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb cilave t\u00eb mund\u00ebsohet kontrata e pun\u00ebs dhe pagesat e sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore. Nd\u00ebrsa agjencit\u00eb e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit nuk mund ta formalizojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb treg pun\u00ebs, pasi objekt veprimtarie kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimin\u201d.<\/p>\n Edhe ekonomistja Romina Radoshniqi tha se ky treg pune operon n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri n\u00eb informalitet, ku punonj\u00ebsit p\u00ebrballen me pasiguri n\u00eb pun\u00eb dhe paga t\u00eb ul\u00ebta.<\/p>\n \u201cTregu \u00ebsht\u00eb informal dhe i parregulluar. T\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt, edhe pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi edhe pun\u00ebmarr\u00ebsi, jan\u00eb t\u00eb pambrojtura dhe t\u00eb rrezikuara (duke qen\u00eb se mungon nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb pune). Formalizimi i k\u00ebtij tregu pune \u00ebsht\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, sepse organet p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse e kan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ta gjurmojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n Agjencit\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb siguri p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin q\u00eb i ofrojn\u00eb klientit, punonj\u00ebsit jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtur me nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb pune, duke qen\u00eb s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb treg n\u00eb zhvillim dhe pagat jan\u00eb t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 sfidave q\u00eb p\u00ebrballen dadot dhe kujdestar\u00ebt e mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb mund t\u00eb themi q\u00eb kan\u00eb pasur efekte pozitive te financat familjare, pasi t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarat jan\u00eb kryesisht gra t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi pun\u00ebsimi\u201d.<\/p>\n Sociologu G\u00ebzim Tushi thekson gjithashtu se ky treg (dadove apo kujdestar\u00ebve) duhet rregulluar dhe sidomos \u00ebsht\u00eb urgjente kontrolli i aft\u00ebsive dhe disponimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar sh\u00ebrbime p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuarit n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb procesi t\u00eb monitorimit t\u00eb aft\u00ebsive dhe njohjes s\u00eb standardeve specifike p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb mosh\u00eb.\/MONITOR<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pagesa deri n\u00eb 1,000 euro n\u00eb muaj, si po lul\u00ebzon tregu p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsimin e dadove dhe t\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve p\u00ebr kujdesin e t\u00eb moshuarve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Sipas agjencive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit, 70% e k\u00ebrkesave kryesohen nga pun\u00ebsimet e kujdestar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb moshuarit. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur numri i grave q\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar si dado. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":69766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6327,6332,29228],"tags":[34263,34262],"class_list":{"0":"post-82071","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-ekonomi","8":"category-te-fundit","9":"category-vendi","10":"tag-000-e-ne-muaj-pagesat-per-kujdestare-femijesh-dhe-te-moshuarish","11":"tag-ne-shqiperi-1"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=82071"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82071\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/69766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=82071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=82071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jugulajm.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=82071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}